Cho tứ diện $ABCD$ với $A(2;-1;6), B(-3;-1;-4), C(5;-1;0), D(1;2;1)$
a) Chứng minh rằng tam giác ABC là tam giác vuông
b) Tính bán kính đường tròn nội tiếp tam giác ABC
c) Tính thể tích của tứ diện ABCD
a) $A(2;-1;6), B(-3;-1;-4), C(5;-1;0), D(1;2;1)$
Ta có:
$\begin{array}{l}
AB = \sqrt {{5^2} + {0^2} + {{10}^2}}  = 5\sqrt 5 \\
BC = \sqrt {{8^2} + {0^2} + {4^2}}  = 4\sqrt 5 \\
AC = \sqrt {{3^2} + {0^2} + {6^2}}  = 3\sqrt 5
\end{array}$
Do đó: $B{C^2} + A{C^2} = {(4\sqrt 5 )^2} + {(3\sqrt 5 )^2} = 125 = A{B^2}$
Vậy $ABC$ là tam giác vuông

b) Ta biết :
$\begin{array}{l}
{S_{\Delta ABC}} = pr \Leftrightarrow r = \frac{S}{p}\\
mà \,{S_{\Delta ABC}} = \frac{1}{2}AC.BC = \frac{1}{2}4\sqrt 5 .3\sqrt 5  = 30\,\,\,\\
và \,\,2p = (AB + BC + AC) = (5\sqrt 5  + 4\sqrt 5  + 3\sqrt 5 ) = 12\sqrt 5 \\
 \Rightarrow r = \frac{{30}}{{6\sqrt 5 }} = \sqrt 5
\end{array}$

c) Ta có:
$\overrightarrow {CA} = ( - 3;0;6),\,\,\overrightarrow {CB} = ( - 8;0;4) \Rightarrow {\rm{[}}\overrightarrow {CA} {\rm{,}}\overrightarrow {CB} {\rm{] = (0; - 60;0) = - 60(0;1;0)}}$
Suy ra mặt phẳng $(ABC)$ có vecto pháp tuyến ${\overrightarrow n_{{AB} C}} = (0;1;0)$, do đó phương trình mặt phẳng (ABC) là $y+1=0$
Khoảng cách ừ $D(1;2;1)$ đến mặt phẳng $(ABC)$ là:$h = d(D,ABC) = \frac{{|2 + 1|}}{{\sqrt {{0^2} + {1^2} + {0^2}} }} = 3$
Thể tích tứ diện ABCD là: ${V_{ABCD}} = \frac{1}{3}h.{S_{\Delta ABC}} = \frac{1}{3}3.30 = 30$   (đvdt)

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