Tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức $Q=\frac{\cos^2 x}{a}+\frac{\sin^2 y}{b}$  trong đó
$\begin{cases} a,b,c  là  các  số  thực  dương,  c \leq \min \left\{ {\frac{a^3+b^3}{a^2},\frac{a^3+b^3}{b^2}  } \right\} \\ x,y  là  nghiệm  của  phương  trình  a\sin x+b\cos y=c\end{cases}$
Viết lại $Q=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-(\frac{\sin^ x}{a}+\frac{\cos^ y}{b})=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-(\frac{(a\sin x)^2}{a^3}+\frac{(b\cos y)^2}{b^3}$
Do $a>0,b>0$ nên  theo Svacxo:
     $\frac{(a \sin x)^2}{a^3}+\frac{(b\cos y)^2}{b^3} \geq \frac{(a\sin x+b\cos y)^2}{a^3+b^3}=\frac{c^2}{a^3+b^3}$
$\Rightarrow Q \leq \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{c^2}{a^3+b^3}$
Dấu đẳng thức có khi và chỉ khi $\begin{cases}\frac{\sin x}{a^2}=\frac{\cos y}{b^2}   \\ a\sin x+b\cos y=c \end{cases} \Leftrightarrow  \begin{cases}\sin x=\frac{a^2c}{a^3+b^3}  \\ \cos y=\frac{b^2c}{a^3+b^3}  \end{cases}   (1)$
Với các điều kiện $a,b,c>0, c \leq \min \left\{ {\frac{a^3+b^3}{a^2},\frac{a^3+b^3}{b^2}  } \right\} \Rightarrow 0<\frac{a^2c}{a^3+b^3} \leq 1 $ và $0<\frac{b^2c}{a^3+b^3}\leq 1 \Rightarrow$ Hệ $(1)$ có nghiệm hay tồn tại  cặp $(x_0;y_0)$ là chân trị của $Q$
Vậy $\max Q=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{c^2}{a^3+b^3}$ 

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