Tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức hàm số $f(x)=|\sqrt{x^2-2x+5}-\sqrt{x^2-12x+136}|$
Để ý $\begin{cases}x^2-2x+5=(x-1)^2+4 \geq 4, \forall x \in R \\ x^2-12x+136=(6-x)^2+100, \forall x \in R \end{cases}$
do vậy hàm số xác định  với $\forall x \in R$
* Xét các vectơ : $\overrightarrow a=(x-1;-2), \overrightarrow b(6-x;10)$. Ta có $|\overrightarrow a|=\sqrt{x^2-2x+5}$
   $|\overrightarrow b|=\sqrt{x^2-12x+136}, \overrightarrow a+\overrightarrow b=(5;8)$ và $|\overrightarrow a|+\overrightarrow b|=\sqrt{5^2+8^2}=\sqrt{89}$
* Với mọi $ \overrightarrow a,\overrightarrow b$ ta có $|\overrightarrow a|-|\overrightarrow b| \leq |\overrightarrow a|+|\overrightarrow b|$ suy ra $f(x) \leq \sqrt{89}$
Dấu đẳng thức có khi và chỉ khi $\overrightarrow a=\overrightarrow 0$ hoặc $\overrightarrow b=\overrightarrow 0$ hoặc $\overrightarrow a, \overrightarrow b$ trái hướng (*)
Hai khả năng $\overrightarrow a=\overrightarrow 0,\overrightarrow b=\overrightarrow 0$ không xảy ra do $y_{\overrightarrow a} \neq 0,y_{\overrightarrow b} \neq 0 \forall x \in R$ suy ra
(*) $\Leftrightarrow  \overrightarrow a$ trái hướng với $\overrightarrow b \Leftrightarrow  \frac{6-x}{x-1}=\frac{10}{-2}<0 \Leftrightarrow  6-x=5(x-1) \Leftrightarrow  x=-\frac{1}{4}$
Vậy $\max f(x)=\sqrt{89}$

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