Cho tứ diện $OABC$ có ba mặt $OAB,OAC,OBC$ là những tam giác vuông tại đỉnh $O.$Gọi $\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma$ lần lượt là góc giữa mặt phẳng $(ABC)$ với các mặt phẳng $(OAB),(OAC),(OBC)$ Chứng minh rằng : $\cos^2\alpha +\cos^2\beta +\cos^2\gamma=1$

Gọi $H$ là hình chiếu vuông góc của $O$ lên $(ABC)$
$\begin{cases}OA\bot OB\\OA\bot OC \end{cases} \Rightarrow  OA\bot (OBC)\Rightarrow  OA\bot BC$
Mặt khác vì :
$OH\bot (ABC)\Rightarrow  OH\bot BC\Rightarrow  (OHA)\bot BC\Rightarrow  HA\bot BC$
Chứng minh tương tự ta có $HB\bot AC$ do đó $H$ là trực tâm $\Delta ABC$
Đặt  $OA=a,OB=b,OC=c$ và giả sử
$AH\cap BC=A_1,BH\cap AC=B_1,CH\cap AB=C_1$
suy ra $OA_1A=\alpha ,OBB_1=\beta ,OCC_1=\gamma$
Trong $\Delta AOA_1$ vuông tại $O$ ta có :
$\cos\alpha =\cos\widehat{OA_1A}=\cos(90^0-\widehat{OA_1A} ) =\sin\widehat{OAA_1} =\frac{OH}{OA} =\frac{OH}{a} $
Tương tự ta cũng có : $\cos\beta =\frac{OH}{b} $ và $\cos\gamma=\frac{OH}{c} $
Trong các $\Delta AOA_1$ và $\Delta OBC$ vuông tại $O$ ta có :
$\frac{1}{OH^2}=\frac{1}{OA^2}+\frac{1}{OA_1^2}=\frac{1}{OA^2}+\frac{1}{OB^2}+\frac{1}{OC^2}=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2} $
$\Leftrightarrow  \frac{OH^2}{a^2} +\frac{OH^2}{b^2} +\frac{OH^2}{c^2}=1\Leftrightarrow  \cos^2\alpha +\cos^2\beta +\cos^2\gamma=1$  (đpcm)

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