Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của các biểu thức:
a) $f(x)=\frac{x^3+1}{x^2};  x>0 $
b) $f(x)= \frac{1}{1-x}+\frac{5}{x};  0<x<1  $
c) $f(x,y)= 2x^2+3y^2$  với  $2x+3y=7$.
a) Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho các số dương ta được :
$f(x) = x + \frac{1}{x^2}=\frac{x}{2}+\frac{x}{2}+\frac{1}{x^2} \ge 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{x}{2}.\frac{x}{2}.\frac{1}{x^2}}= \frac{3 \sqrt[3]{2} }{2} $
Vậy $\min f(x)= \frac{3 \sqrt[3]{2} }{2} $  khi $\frac{x}{2}= \frac{1}{x^2} \Leftrightarrow x= \sqrt[3]{2} $.

b) Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho các số dương ta được :
$f(x) = \left ( \frac{x}{1-x}+1 \right )+ \left ( \frac{5(1-x)}{x}+5 \right )=\left (  \frac{x}{1-x}+\frac{5(1-x)}{x} \right )+6 \ge 2\sqrt{ \frac{x}{1-x}.\frac{5(1-x)}{x} }+6=6+2 \sqrt{5} $
Vậy $\min f(x)= 6+2 \sqrt{5} $  khi $\frac{x}{1-x}=\frac{5(1-x)}{x} \Leftrightarrow x= \frac{5 - \sqrt{5} }{4} $.


c) Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopski ta có :
$49=(2x+3y)^2 =\left ( \sqrt{2}. \sqrt{2}x  + \sqrt{3}. \sqrt{3}y \right )^2 \le (2+3)(2x^2+3y^2)=5f(x)$
$\Rightarrow f(x) \ge \frac{49}{5}$
Vậy $\min f(x;y)= \frac{49}{5} $  khi  $x=y=\frac{7}{5}$.

Thẻ

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