Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức:
  $F=\frac{a^4}{b^4}+\frac{b^4}{a^4}-(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2})+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}; a,b\neq 0$.
Đặt :$x=\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}$, điều kiện $|x|\geq 2$.
Khi đó:
  $\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2}=x^2-2; \frac{a^4}{b^4}+\frac{b^4}{a^4}=(x^2-2)^2-2$.
Vậy, ta được :
   $F=(x^2-2)^2-2-(x^2-2)+x=x^4-5x^2+x+4$.
Xét hàm số $F=x^4-5x^2+x+4$.
-Miền xác định $D=(-\infty, -2]\cup [2, +\infty )$.
-Đạo hàm : $F^'=4x^3-10x+1$
                     $F^''=12x^2-10>0 , \forall |x|\geq 2\Rightarrow F^'$ luôn đồng biến .
Vậy, ta được:
-Với $x \geq 2,$  ta có $F^'(x)\geq F^'(2)=13>0\Rightarrow F $ luôn đồng biến.
- Với $x\leq -2$ ta có $F^'(x)\leq F^'(-2)=-11<0\Rightarrow F$ luôn nghịch biến.
Bảng biến thiên:


Dựa vào bảng biến thiên ta có:
    $\min F=-2$, đạt được khi
          $x=-2\Leftrightarrow \frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}=-2\Leftrightarrow a=-b\neq 0$.

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