Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức :
       $P=(3+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b})(3+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c})(3+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a})$.
trong đó, các số dương $a,b,c$ thỏa mãn điều kiện   :
    $a+b+c\leq \frac{3}{2}$
Đặt $\displaystyle\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=x, \frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=y, \frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}=z  (x,y,z>0)$.
Ta có:
   $P=(3+x)(3+y)(3+z)=27+9(x+y+z)+3(xy+yz+zx)+xyz$.
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô si cho ba hoặc hai số dương ta có:
   $x+y+z\geq 3\sqrt[3]{xyz}$ ,
   $xy+yz+zx\geq 3\sqrt[3]{(xyz)^2}$
   $\displaystyle xyz=(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b})(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c})(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a})\geq \frac{2}{\sqrt{ab}}.\frac{2}{\sqrt{bc}}.\frac{2}{\sqrt{ca}}=\frac{8}{abc}      (1)$
   $\frac{3}{2}\geq a+b+c\geq 3\sqrt[3]{abc}\Rightarrow abc\leq \frac{1}{8}         (2)$
Từ $(1),(2)$ suy ra $xyz\geq 64$
Từ đó, ta có:
    $P\geq 27+27\sqrt[3]{xyz}+9\sqrt[3]{(xyz)^2}+xyz=(3+\sqrt[3]{xyz})^2\geq (3+\sqrt[3]{64})^3=343$.
Vậy, $\min P=343$ đạt được khi: $\begin{cases}a+b+c=\frac{3}{2} \\ a=b=c \\abc= \frac{1}{8}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}$

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