Cho hàm số $y=f(x)=\frac{x^2+ax+b}{x^2+1} ,a, b$ là tham số. Xác định $a, b$ để $\mathop {max }\limits_{x \in R} f(x) = 2$ và $\mathop {min }\limits_{x \in R} f(x) = 0$
Giải
  Hàm số xác định với $\forall x \in R$
$y$ là giá trị của hàm tại $x \Leftrightarrow$ Phương trình:
      $g(x)=(y-1)x^2-ax+y-b=0  (1)$ có nghiệm
- Nếu $y=1 : (1) \Leftrightarrow ax=1-b$, có nghiệm khi $a \neq 0$ hoặc $a=0$ và $b=1$
- Nếu $y\neq 1 : (1)$ có nghiệm $\Leftrightarrow \Delta=a^2-4(y-1)(y-b) \geq 0$
      $\Leftrightarrow h(y)=4y^2-4(b+1)y+4b-a^2 \leq 0        (2)$
Để $(2)$ có nghiệm thì $\Delta'_h=4[(b-)^2+a^2]\geq 0$  ( không thể xảy ra $\Delta'_h<0$)
Mặt khác: $h(1)=-a^2 \leq 0 \Rightarrow y_1 \leq 1 \leq y_2    (**)$
Từ (*) và (**) ta được:
   $\begin{cases}\mathop {\max }\limits_{x \in R} f(x) = y_2=\frac{b+1\sqrt{a^2+(b-1)^2}}{2}=2 \\ \mathop {\min }\limits_{x \in R} f(x) =y_1=\frac{b+1-\sqrt{a^2+(b+1)^2}}{2}=0  \end{cases} \Rightarrow \begin{cases}\sqrt{a^2+(b-1)^2}=3-b \\ \sqrt{a^2+(b-1)^2}=b+1 \end{cases}$
   $\Rightarrow b=1 \Rightarrow a=\pm \sqrt{2}$

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