Tìm các giá trị của $a$ sao cho bất phương trình:
         $\frac{{\log_3 a{x^2}}}{{{{\log }_3}\left( {{x^2} + 1} \right)}} \ge 2\,\,\,\,\,(1)$ có nghiệm.
   $x \ne \,\,0,\,\,\,\,\,a > 0\,\,\,\,\,\,\,(*)$
$(1)$$ \Leftrightarrow \,\,\,{\log _{{x^2} + 1}}a{x^2} \ge 2$
    $ \Leftrightarrow \,\,a{x^2} \ge {\left( {{x^2} + 1} \right)^2}$        ( vì cơ số  ${x^2} + 1 > 1$)
   $ \Leftrightarrow {x^4} + \left( {2 - a} \right){x^2} + 1 \le 0$ (*)
Đặt $t = {x^2},\,\,\,t > 0$    (vì $x \ne 0$)
Ta có (*) trở thành:   ${t^2}+\left( {2 - a} \right)t + 1 \le 0\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,(2)$
$(1)$  có nghiệm  $ \Leftrightarrow $$(2)$ có nghiệm dương
$\Delta  = {\left( {2 - a} \right)^2} - 4 = {a^2} - 4a$
$a \le 0:\,\,\,$không thỏa mãn   (*)
$a = 4\,\,\,\,\,\, \Rightarrow \,\,\,\Delta  = 0\,\,\, \Rightarrow \,\,\,{t_1} = {t_2} = 1\,\,\, \Rightarrow (1)$ có nghiệm.
$0 < a < 4\,\,\,\,\,\, \Rightarrow \Delta  < 0\,\,\,\, \Rightarrow \,\,\,f(t) = {t^2} + \left( {2 - a} \right)t + 1 > 0,\,\,\,\forall t$
 khi đó  $(2)$ vô nghiệm $ \Rightarrow $   $(1)$ vô nghiệm
$a > 4\,\,\,\, \Rightarrow \,\,\,\,\Delta  > 0$    ta có   :$\left\{ \begin{array}{l}
{t_1}.{t_2} = 1 > 0\\
{t_1} + {t_2} = a - 2 > 0
\end{array} \right.\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, \Rightarrow 0 < {t_1} < {t_2}$
$\Rightarrow (2)$ có các nghiệm dương    ${t_1},\,{t_2}\,\,\,\,\, \Rightarrow $$(1)$ có nghiệm
Từ các trường hợp trên suy ra với $a \ge 4$  thì bất phương trình (1) có nghiệm.
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