Tìm họ nguyên hàm:  $I =\int \tan\left( x + \frac{\pi }{3} \right) \cot\left( x + \frac{\pi }{6} \right)dx$
Ta có \(\sin \left( {x + \frac{\pi }{3}} \right)c{\rm{os}}\left( {x + \frac{\pi }{6}} \right) = \frac{1}{2}\left[ {\sin \frac{\pi }{6} + \sin \left( {2x + \frac{\pi }{2}} \right)} \right] \)
      \(= \frac{1}{2}\left( {\frac{1}{2} + c{\rm{os}}2x} \right) = \frac{1}{4}\left( {1 + c{\rm{os}}2x} \right)\)
Và \(c{\rm{os}}\left( {x + \frac{\pi }{3}} \right)\sin \left( {x + \frac{\pi }{6}} \right) = \frac{1}{2}\left[ {\sin \left( { - \frac{\pi }{6}} \right) + \sin \left( {2x + \frac{\pi }{2}} \right)} \right] = \frac{1}{4}\left( { - 1 + 2\cos 2x} \right)\)
Do đó  \(I = \int {\frac{{2\cos 2x + 1}}{{2\cos 2x - 1}}} dx = \int {\left( {1 + \frac{2}{{2\cos 2x - 1}}} \right)dx = \int {dx}  + 2\int {\frac{{dx}}{{2\cos 2x - 1}}} }  = x + J\)
Với  \(J = \int {\frac{{dx}}{{2\cos 2x - 1}}}\)

Đặt \( t = tgx \Rightarrow dt = \frac{{dx}}{{c{\rm{o}}{{\rm{s}}^2}x}} = \left( {1 + {t^2}} \right)dx \Rightarrow dx = \frac{{dt}}{{1 + {t^2}}}\)
Và  \(2\cos 2x - 1 = \frac{{2\left( {1 - {t^2}} \right)}}{{1 + {t^2}}} - 1 = \frac{{1 - 3{t^2}}}{{1 + {t^2}}}\)
\(\Rightarrow J = \int {\frac{{dt}}{{1 - 3{t^2}}} = \frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}\int {\frac{{d\left( {\sqrt 3 t} \right)}}{{1 - {{\left( {\sqrt 3 t} \right)}^2}}}} }  = \frac{1}{{2\sqrt 3 }}\int {\left( {\frac{1}{{1 + \sqrt 3 t}} + \frac{1}{{1 - \sqrt 3 t}}} \right)} d\sqrt 3 t\)
        \( = \frac{1}{{2\sqrt 3 }}\ln \left| {\frac{{1 + \sqrt 3 t}}{{1 - \sqrt 3 t}}} \right| + C = \frac{1}{{2\sqrt 3 }}\ln \left| {\frac{{1 + \sqrt 3 tgx}}{{1 - \sqrt 3 tgx}}} \right| + C\)

Do đó \(I = x + \frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}\ln \left| {\frac{{1 + \sqrt 3 tgx}}{{1 - \sqrt 3 tgx}}} \right| + C\)

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