Trong không gian với hệ trục tọa độ $Oxyz$ cho mặt phẳng $(P): x-2y+2z-1=0$ và hai đường thẳng:
$d_1:\frac{x+1}{1}=\frac{y}{1}=\frac{z+9}{6};                d_2:\frac{x-1}{2}=\frac{y-3}{1}=\frac{z+1}{-2}$.
Tìm điểm $M$ trên $d_1$ sao cho khoảng cách từ $M$ đến $d_2$ bằng khoảng cách từ $M$ đến $(P)$.
Giả sử $M(-1+t;t;-9+6t)\in d_1$ là điểm cần tìm.
Khi đó ta có: $d(M,(P))=\frac{|-1+t-2t+2(-9+6t)-1|}{\sqrt{1^2+(-2)^2+2^2}}=\frac{|11t-20|}{3}  (1)$
Đường thẳng $d_2$ có vectơ chỉ phương $\overrightarrow{u_2}=(2;1;-2)$ và đi qua điểm  $N(1;3;-1)\Rightarrow \overrightarrow{NM}=(t-2;t-3;6t-8)$
ta có: $[\overrightarrow{u_2},\overrightarrow{NM}]=(\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{{t-3}}&{{6t-8}}\\
{{1}}&{{-2}}
\end{array}} \right|;\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{{6t-8}}&{{t-2}}\\
{{-2}}&{{2}}
\end{array}} \right|;\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{{t-2}}&{{t-3}}\\
{{2}}&{{1}}
\end{array}} \right|)=(14-8t; 14t-20;4-t)$
Do vậy $d(M,(d_2))=\frac{[\overrightarrow{u_2},\overrightarrow{NM}]}{\overrightarrow{u_2}}=\frac{\sqrt{(14-8t)^2+(14t-20)^2+(4-t)^2}}{3}$
Vì vậy $d(M,(P))=d(M,d_2)\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{261t^2-792t+612}=|11t-20|$
$\Leftrightarrow 261t^2-792t+612=121t^2-440t+400\Leftrightarrow 35t^2-88t+53=0\Leftrightarrow t=1$ hoặc $t=\frac{53}{35}$
Vậy có hai điểm cần tìm: $M_1(0;1;-3); M_2(\frac{18}{35};\frac{53}{35};\frac{3}{35})$.

hai đường thẳng chéo nhau mà sao lại tính theo khoảng cách song song –  thekyrooney 03-04-13 08:29 AM
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