Tìm $m$ để phương trình có nghiệm: $\sqrt{x^2+x+1}-\sqrt{x^2-x+1}=m           (1)$
Xét các vectơ $\overrightarrow{u}=(\frac{1}{2}+x;-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}), \overrightarrow{v}=(\frac{1}{2}-x;\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2})$ ta có $|\overrightarrow{u}+\overrightarrow{v}|=1$
 Hiển nhiên $\forall \overrightarrow{u},\overrightarrow{v}$ luôn có $|\overrightarrow{u}|-|\overrightarrow{v}| \leq |\overrightarrow{u}+\overrightarrow{v}|$ dấu đẳng thức có khi và chỉ khi $\overrightarrow{v}=\overrightarrow{0}$ hoặc $\overrightarrow{u},\overrightarrow{v}$ ngược hướng.
 Khả năng $\overrightarrow{v}=\overrightarrow{0}$ không thể xảy ra do $y_{\overrightarrow{v}}=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \neq 0$
 Khả năng $\overrightarrow{u},\overrightarrow{v}$ ngược hướng $\Leftrightarrow \frac{\frac{1}{2}+x}{\frac{1}{2}-x}=\frac{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}}{-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}}<0 \Leftrightarrow 1+2x=-1+2x \Leftrightarrow 2=0$
Điều này mâu thuẫn
Suy ra: $|\overrightarrow{u}+\overrightarrow{v}|<1$ hay tập giá trị của $f(x)=\sqrt{x^2+x+1}-\sqrt{x^2-x+1}$ là $(-1;1)$
Bởi vậy phương trình $(1)$ có nghiệm khi và chỉ khi $m \in (-1;1)$

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