Cho phương trình :  ${(x - 2)^{{\log _2}4(x - 2)}} = {2^\alpha }{(x - 2)^3}$
$1$. Giải phương trình với $\alpha  = 2$
$2$. Xác định $\alpha $ để phương trình có $2$ nghiệm phân biệt ${x_1};{x_2}$ thỏa mãn :
              $\frac{5}{2} \le {x_1} \le 4\,\,\,  ;\,\,$ và $\frac{5}{2} \le {x_2} \le 4\,\,$
${(x - 2)^{{\log _2}4(x - 2)}} = {2^\alpha }{(x - 2)^3}   (1)$ ĐK $x>2$
$\Leftrightarrow log_24(x-2).log_2(x-2)=\alpha+3log_2(x-2)$
Đặt $t=log_2(x-2)$
$\Leftrightarrow  (2+t).t=\alpha +3t\Leftrightarrow  t^2-t-\alpha=0    (2)$
$1.$ Với $\alpha=2$ thì $(2)\Leftrightarrow  t^2-t-2=0$
$\Leftrightarrow  \left[ \begin{array}{l}t = -1\\t = 2\end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow  \left[ \begin{array}{l}log_2(x-2)=-1\\log_2(x-2) = 2\end{array} \right.\Leftrightarrow  \left[ \begin{array}{l}x =\frac{5}{2} \\x =6\end{array} \right.  $(TM)
$2.$  $(1)$ sẽ có $2$ nghiệm phân biệt $x_1,x_2$ thỏa mãn $\frac{5}{2} \leq  x_1\leq  4,\frac{5}{2} \leq  x_2\leq  4$
$\Leftrightarrow  2$ nghiệm phân biệt của $(1)$ thỏa mãn $\frac{1}{2} \leq  x_1-2\leq  2,\frac{1}{2} \leq  x_2-2\leq  2$
$\Leftrightarrow  (2)$ có $2$ nghiệm phân biệt $t_1,t_2$ thỏa mãn $-1\leq  t_1=log_2(x-2)\leq  1;$
$-1\leq  t_2=log_2(x-2)\leq  1$
$\Leftrightarrow  \varphi(t)=t^2-t-\alpha$ có $2$ nghiệm phân biệt sao cho $-1\leq t_1,t_2\leq  1$
$\Leftrightarrow  \begin{cases}\Delta =1+4\alpha>0 \\ \varphi(1)=-\alpha\geq  0\\\varphi(-1)=2-\alpha\geq  0\\-1<\frac{t_1+t_2}{2}=\frac{1}{2}<1   \end{cases} \Leftrightarrow  -\frac{1}{4} <\alpha\leq  0$

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