Cho $\triangle ABC$ , chứng minh rằng :
           $1<\cos A+\cos B+\cos C\leq \frac{3}{2}$
a. Chứng minh vế trái, ta có:
   $\cos A+\cos B+\cos C=2\cos\frac{A+B}{2}.\cos\frac{A-B}{2}.\cos C$
     $=2\sin \frac{C}{2}.\cos(\frac{A-B}{2})+1-\sin^2\frac{C}{2}=1+2(\cos\frac{A-B}{2}-\cos\frac{A+B}{2}).\sin\frac{C}{2}$
     $=1+4\sin\frac{A}{2}.\sin\frac{B}{2}.\sin\frac{C}{2}>1$.
b. Chứng minh vế phải , ta có hai cách sau:
*Cách 1:
Sử dụng kết quả $xy\leq \frac{1}{2}(x^2+y^2)$, ta nhận được:
    $VT=\cos A+\cos B-\cos (A+B)=(\cos A+\cos B).1-\cos A.\cos B+\sin A.\sin B$
          $\leq \frac{1}{2}[(\cos A+\cos B)^2+1]-\cos A.\cos B+\frac{1}{2}(\sin^2 A+\sin^2B)\\=\frac{1}{2}(\cos^2A+\cos^2B+\sin^2A+\sin^2B)+1=\frac{3}{2}$.
Dấu $"="$ xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:
   $\begin{cases}\cos A+\cos B=1 \\ \sin A=\sin B \end{cases}\Leftrightarrow A=B=\frac{\pi}{3}\Leftrightarrow A=B=C=\frac{\pi}{3}\Leftrightarrow \triangle ABC$ đều.
*Cách 2:
Sử dụng $a.\sin x+b.\cos x\leq\sqrt{a^2+b^2}$, ta có:
     $VT=\cos A+\cos B-\cos (A+B) =\cos A+\cos B-\cos A.\cos B+\sin A.\sin B$
            $ =[(1-\cos B)\cos A +\sin A.\sin B]+\cos B$
                $\leq \sqrt{(1-\cos B)^2+\sin ^2B}+\cos B=\sqrt{2-2\cos B}+\cos B$                
                             $=2\sin { \frac{B}{2}}+1-2\sin^2 {\frac{B}{2}}= \frac{3}{2}-2(\frac{1}{2}-\sin {\frac{B}{2})^2}\leq \frac{3}{2}$
Dấu $"="$ xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:
   $\begin{cases}(1-\cos B)\cos A+\sin A.\sin B=2\sin {\frac{B}{2}} \\ \sin {\frac{B}{2}}= \frac{1}{2}\end{cases} \Leftrightarrow \begin{cases}B=\frac{\pi}{3} \\ \frac{1}{2}\cos A+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\sin A= 2.\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}$
  $\Leftrightarrow A=B=\frac{\pi}{3}\Leftrightarrow A=B=C=\frac{\pi}{3}\Leftrightarrow \triangle ABC$ đều

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