Chứng minh rằng nếu phương trình: \(x^4+bx^3+cx^2+b+1=0\)   (1) có nghiệm thì \(b^2+(c-2)^2>3\)
Giải
Ta thấy \(x=0\) không phải là nghiệm của \((1)\), nên ta chia hai vế của \((1)\) cho \(x^2\neq 0\) ta được: \(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}+b(x+\frac{1}{x})+c=0     (2)\)
Đặt \(t=x+\frac{1}{x}\) thì \(|t|\geq 2\) và \((2)\) cho: \(t^2+bt+c-2=0 \Leftrightarrow  -t^2=bt+(c-2)\)
Theo Bu-nhi-a-cốp-xki ta có:
     \((-t^2)^2=[bt+(c-2)]^2\leq [b^2+(c-2)]^2\leq [b^2+(c-2)^2](t^2+1)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2+(c-2)^2\geq \frac{t^4}{t^2+1}\)
Ta phải chứng minh \(\frac{t^4}{t^2+1}>3\) để có \(b^2+(c-2)^2>3\).
Nếu phương trình \((1)\) có nghiệm thì \(|t|\geq 2 \Rightarrow t^2\geq 4\Rightarrow t^4\geq 4t^2=3t^2+t^2\geq 3t^2+4\)
hay kết quả trên đúng tức là \(\frac{t^4}{t^2+1}>3\). Vậy \(b^2+(c-2)^2>3\)

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