Tìm $x,y \in  Z^+$ để:  $\frac{C^y_{x+1}}{6} = \frac{C^{y+1}_x}{5}  = \frac{C^{y-1}_x}{2}.$  
Điều kiên : $\begin{cases}0 \leq  y \leq  x+1 \\ 0 \leq  y+1 \leq  x \\ 0 \leq  y-1 \leq  x\end{cases} \Leftrightarrow  \begin{cases}y\geq 1 \\ x \geq y+1\end{cases}$
a) Xét phương trình : $\frac{C^y_{x+1}}{6} = \frac{C^{y+1}_x}{5} \Leftrightarrow    \frac{1}{6}. \frac{(x+1)!}{y!(x+1-y)!} = \frac{1}{5}.\frac{x!}{(y+1)!(x-y-1)!}$
$\Leftrightarrow  5(x+1)(y+1) = 6 (x-y)(x-y+1).$               (1)
b) Xét phương trình  :$\frac{C^{y+1}_x}{5}  = \frac{C^{y-1}_x}{2} \Leftrightarrow  \frac{1}{5}. \frac{x!}{(y+1)!(x-y-1)!} = \frac{1}{2} .\frac{x!}{(y-1)!(x-y+1)!}$
$\Leftrightarrow  2(x-y)(x-y+1)= 5y(y+1)$                     (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra :
$ 5(x+1)(y+1)=3.5y(y+1)\Leftrightarrow  x+1=3y \Leftrightarrow  x = 3y-1$.        (3)
Thay (3) và (2) được :
$2(3y-1-y)(3y-1-y+1)=5y(y+1)\Leftrightarrow  3y^2=9y \Leftrightarrow  y = 3 (do  y>0)\\\Rightarrow x = 8$

Vậy $x=8$ và $y = 3$ thỏa mãn đề bài.

Thẻ

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