Không dùng bảng số máy tính. Hãy tính:  $\sin15^0, \sin18^0, \tan \frac{\pi}{8}.$
a) Tính $\sin 15^0.$
Cách $1$:$ \sin 15^0=\sin (45^0-30^0)=\sin 45^0 \cos 30^0-\cos 45^0 \sin 30^0$
$= \frac{\sqrt{2} }{2}. \frac{\sqrt{3} }{2}- \frac{\sqrt{2} }{2}. \frac{1}{2} = \frac{\sqrt{2} }{4}(\sqrt{3}-1)$

Cách $2$ : $\cos 30^0=1-2 \sin^215^0$
$\Leftrightarrow  \sin 15^0= \sqrt{\frac{1-\cos 30^0}{2} }= \sqrt{\frac{1}{2}(1-\frac{\sqrt{3} }{2})}= \sqrt{\frac{2(\sqrt{3}-1)^2 }{16} }$
$\Leftrightarrow \sin 15^0=\frac{\sqrt{2} }{4}(\sqrt{3}- 1).$

b) Tính $\tan \frac{\pi}{8}. $
Ta có: $\tan \frac{\pi}{4}= \frac{2 \tan \frac{\pi}{8} }{1- \tan ^2 \frac{\pi}{8} }. $
nên $1-\tan ^2 \frac{\pi}{8}= 2 \tan \frac{\pi}{8} \Leftrightarrow (\tan  \frac{\pi}{8} +1)^2 =2    $
$ \Leftrightarrow \tan \frac{\pi}{8}= \sqrt{2} -1$

c) Tính $\sin 18^0. $
Ta  có : $\sin 36^0=\cos 54^0 \Leftrightarrow \sin (2.18^0)= \cos  (3.18^0) $
$ \Leftrightarrow   2 \sin18^0. \cos 18^0= 4 \cos ^3 18^0- 3 \cos 18^0$
$ \Leftrightarrow  2 \sin 18^0=4 \cos ^218^0 -3 \Leftrightarrow   2 \sin 18^0=4(1-\sin ^218^0) -3$
$ \Leftrightarrow  4 \sin ^218^0 + 2 \sin 18^0-1=0   (1)$
coi phương trình $(1)$ là bậc $2$ của $ \sin 18^0$ (với $\sin 18^0\in (0,1))$ nên giải phương trình $(1)$ ta được:  $\sin 18^0=\frac{\sqrt{5}-1 }{4}. $
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