Cho $\Delta ABC$ có các cạnh $BC=a, CA=b, AB=c$. Gọi $AD$ là đường phân giác trong của góc $A$ và $M$ là trung điểm của $BC$. Tính $\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}  $ theo $a, b, c$, từ đó suy ra $AM, AD$
Ta có: $\overrightarrow{BC}=\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{AB}     (1)$
Bình phương vô hướng hai vế của $(1)$ ta được:
$\overrightarrow{BC^2}=(\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{AB}  )^2 \Rightarrow  BC^2=AC^2+AB^2-2\overrightarrow{AC}.\overrightarrow{AB}  $
$\Leftrightarrow  \overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}=\frac{1}{2}(AB^2+AC^2-BC^2)=\frac{1}{2}(b^2+c^2-a^2)    (2)$

Tính $AM$, ta có: $\overrightarrow{AM}=\frac{1}{2}(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}  )     (3)$
Bình phương vô hướng hai vế của $(3)$, ta được:
$AM^2=\frac{1}{4}(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}  )^2=\frac{1}{4}(AB^2+AC^2+2\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}  )  $
$=\frac{1}{4}[c^2+b^2+2.\frac{1}{2}(b^2+c^2-a^2) ]=\frac{1}{4}(2c^2+2b^2-a^2)  $
$\Leftrightarrow  AM=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{2c^2+2b^2-a^2}  $

Tính $AD$, ta có:
$\overrightarrow{AD}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BD}, \overrightarrow{AD}=\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{CD}  ,  \frac{ab}{b+c}\overrightarrow{BD}+\frac{ac}{b+c}\overrightarrow{CD}=\overrightarrow{0}         $
$\Rightarrow  (\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{ac}{b+c}  ).\overrightarrow{AD}=\frac{ab}{b+c}\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{ac}{b+c}\overrightarrow{AC}     $
$\Leftrightarrow  (b+c)\overrightarrow{AD}=b\overrightarrow{AB}+c\overrightarrow{AC}       (4)$

Bình phương vô hướng hai vế của $(4)$, ta được:
$(b+c)^2AD^2=(b\overrightarrow{AB}+c\overrightarrow{AC}  )^2=b^2AB^2+c^2AC^2+2bc\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}  $
                       $=b^2c^2+c^2b^2+2bc.\frac{1}{2}(b^2+c^2-a^2) $
                       $=bc(2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2)=bc(b+c+a)(b+c-a)=4bcp(p-a)$
$\Leftrightarrow  AD=\frac{2}{b+c}\sqrt{bcp(p-a)}  $

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