Cho $4$ điểm $A,B,C,D$ không đồng phẳng. Chứng minh :
$a) AB\bot CD\Leftrightarrow  AC^2+BD^2=AD^2+BC^2$
$b)$ Nếu $AB\bot CD$ và $AD\bot BC$ thì $AC\bot BD$

a)Giả sử $AC^2+BD^2=AD^2+BC^2$ kẻ $AM\bot CD$ và $BM'\bot CD$, trong đó $M,M'$ thuộc $CD$ ta có :
$AD^2=AM^2+MD^2$
$BC^2=BM'^2+M'C^2$
$AC^2=AM^2+MC^2$
$BD^2=BM'^2+M'D^2$
Từ đó $MD^2+M'C^2=MC^2+M'D^2$ hay
$(MD-MC)(MD+MC)=(M'D-M'C)(M'D+M'C)$
$MD-MC=M'D-M'C$
Điều này chứng tỏ $M$ trùng với $M'$.Do đó $CD\bot BM$ và $CD\bot AM$ suy ra $AB\bot CD$   $(1)$
Ngược lại, với $AB\bot CD$. Kẻ $AM\bot CD\Rightarrow BM\bot CD$
$\Rightarrow AC^2+BD^2=AM^2+MD^2+BM'^2+M'C^2=AD^2+BC^2$                                                $(2)$
Từ $(1)$ và $(2)$ ta suy ra điều phải chứng minh.
$b)$ Áp dụng câu $a)$ ta có :
$\overrightarrow {AD}\bot \overrightarrow {BC}\Leftrightarrow  AC^2+DB^2=CD^2+AB^2      (1) $
$\overrightarrow {AB} \bot \overrightarrow {CD}\Leftrightarrow  AC^2+BD^2=AD^2+BC^2       (2)$
Từ $(1),(2)$ suy ra $CD^2+AB^2=AD^2+BC^2\Leftrightarrow  \overrightarrow {AC}\bot \overrightarrow {BD}  $

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