Cho dãy $(u_n)$ xác định bởi $\begin{cases}u_1=8 \\ u_{n+1}=\sqrt u_n +2\end{cases} $
Gọi $(v_n)$ là dãy xác định bởi $v_n=u_n-4$
a) Chứng minh  $\lim v_n=0$
b) Tìm $\lim  u_n$
a) $v_n=u_n-4$
$\Rightarrow v_{n+1}=u_{n+1}-4=\sqrt u_n +2-4=\sqrt u_n-2 =\frac{u_n-4}{\sqrt {u_n}+2} \leq  \frac{u_n-4}{3} \forall n $
Do đó  $0< v_{n+1} < \frac{1}{3} v_n  \forall n$  (chú ý rằng  $u_n>1 \forall n$)
Ta có:  $v_2 \leq  \frac{1}{3}v_1 $  và  $v_3 \leq  \frac{1}{3} v_2 \leq  (\frac{1}{3} )^2 v_1$
Bằng quy nạp, ta dễ chứng minh được: $0< v_n \leq  (\frac{1}{3} )^{n-1}v_1=4(\frac{1}{3} )^{n-1}$
Vậy  $\lim v_n=0$ vì $\mathop {\lim }\limits_{n \to \infty  }(\frac{1}{3} )^{n-1}=0 $   (đpcm)
b) Vì   $v_n=u_n-4 \Rightarrow  \lim v_n= \lim u_n -4$  hay  $0=\lim u_n -4$.
Vậy  $\lim u_n=4$

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