Cho dãy $(u_n)$ xác định như sau:
$u_1=2005,  u_2=2006,  u_{n+1}=u_n(u_n-1)  \forall n \geq  2$
Chứng minh rằng $(u_1^2+1)(u_2^2+1)...(u_{2006}^2+1)-1$ là một số chính phương.
Đặt $T_k=(u_1^2+1)(u_2^2+1)...(u_k^2+1)(u_{k+1}^2+1)-1$
Ta sẽ chứng minh  $T_k=(u_{n+1}-1)^2    (1)$ bằng quy nạp:

-  Với $k=1$, ta có:
$T_1=(u_1^2+1)-1=u_1^2=2005^2=(2006-1)^2=(u_2-1)^2$

-  Giả sử $(1)$ đúng với $k=n$, tức $T_n=(u_{n+1}-1)^         (2)$
Xét:  $T_{n+1}=(u_1^2+1)(u_2^2+1)...(u_n^2+1)(u_{n+1}^2+1)-1=(T_n+1)(u_{n+1}^2+1)-1         (3)$
Theo giả thiết quy nạp $(2)$ và từ $(3)$, ta có:
$T_{n+1}=\left[ {(u_{n+1}-1)^2}+1 \right](u_{n+1}^2+1) -1$
          $=\left[ {(u_{n+1}+1)^2-2u_{n+1}+1} \right] (u_{n+1}^2+1)-1$
          $=(u_{n+1}^2+1)^2-2u_{n+1}(u_{n+1}^2+1)+u_{n+1}^2=(u_{n+1}^2)+1-u_{n+1}$
          $=(u_{n+1}-1)^2$
Vậy theo nguyên lí quy nạp, $(1)$ đúng với $\forall k \in N^*$
Nói riêng,    $T_{2006}=(u_1^2+1)(u_2^2+1)...(u_{2006}^2+1)-1=(u_{2006}^2-1)^2     (4)$
Vì $u_1, u_2$ nguyên nên từ $u_{n+1}=u_n(u_n-1)+2$ suy ra $u_n$ nguyên $\forall n$
Vậy $T_{2006}$ là số chính phương (đpcm)

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