Cho tứ diện $OABC$ có $OA,OB,OC$ đôi một vuông góc $OA=a, OB=b,OC=c$
a) Gọi $I$ là tâm mặt cầu nội tiếp $(S)$ của $OABC$. Tính bán kính $r$ của $(S)$
b) Gọi $M, N, P $ là trung điểm $BC, CA, AB$. Chứng minh rằng góc nhị diện góc cạnh $OM$ của $OMNP$ là vuông $\Rightarrow  \frac{1}{a^2}=\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}   $

Chọn hệ trục tọa độ $Oxyz$ sao cho: $O(0;0;0), A(a;0;0), B(0;b;0), c(0;0;c)$
a) Tính $r$
Ta có: $V_{I.OAB}+V_{I.OBC}+V_{I.OCA}+V_{I.ABC}=V_{OABC}$
$\Rightarrow  \frac{r}{3}(S_{\Delta OAB}+S_{\Delta OBC}+S_{\Delta OCA}+S_{\Delta ABC})=\frac{abc}{6}  (1)$
$S_{\Delta ABC}=\frac{1}{2}|[\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{AC}  ]|=\frac{1}{2}|[(-a;b;0),(-a;0;c)]|  =\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2b^2}  $
$(1)\Rightarrow  \frac{r}{6}(ab+bc+ca+\sqrt{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2} )=\frac{abc}{6}  $
Vậy $r=\frac{abc}{ab+bc+ca+\sqrt{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2} } $

b) Ta có: $M(0;\frac{b}{2};\frac{c}{2}  ), N(\frac{a}{2};0;\frac{c}{2}  ), P(\frac{a}{2};\frac{b}{2};0  )$
$\Rightarrow  \overrightarrow{n}_{(OMN)}=[\overrightarrow{OM},\overrightarrow{ON}  ]=(\frac{bc}{4};\frac{ac}{4};-\frac{ab}{4}) $
$\overrightarrow{n}_{OMP}=[\overrightarrow{OM},\overrightarrow{OP}  ]=(-\frac{bc}{4};\frac{ac}{4};-\frac{ab}{4}) $
$\Rightarrow  [N,OM,P]=90^0\Leftrightarrow  \overrightarrow{n}_{OMN}.\overrightarrow{n}_{OMP}  =0$
$\Leftrightarrow  -\frac{b^2c^2}{16}+\frac{a^2c^2}{16}+\frac{a^2b^2}{16}=0\Leftrightarrow  a^2(c^2+b^2)=b^2c^2\Leftrightarrow  \frac{1}{a^2}=\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}    $
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