Xét dãy số $(u_n)$ xác định bởi: \begin{cases}u_1=\frac{1}{2}  \\ u_{n+1}=\left[ {\frac{1-(1-u^2_n)^ \frac{1}{2} }{2} } \right] ^ \frac{1}{2}  \end{cases} Chứng minh rằng: $u_1+u_2+...+u_{2005}<\sqrt{2}$
Lưu ý rằng nếu $x=sin\alpha, 0<\alpha< \dfrac{\pi}{2} $ thì $(1-x^2)^ \frac{1}{2}=cos \alpha $,
suy ra  $\left[ {\dfrac{1-(1-x^2)^ \frac{1}{2} }{2} } \right]^ \frac{1}{2} =\left ( \dfrac{1-cos \alpha}{2} \right )^ \frac{1}{2}= sin \dfrac{\alpha}{2}  $

Ta có    $u_1=\dfrac{1}{2} =sin \dfrac{\pi}{6} $. Do đó chứng minh bằng quy nạp ta được  $u_n=sin \dfrac{\pi}{3.2^n} $

Sử dụng tính chất $sin x<x$ với mọi$x>0$ , ta có:$$u_1+u_2+...+u_{2005}=sin \dfrac{\pi}{3.2} + sin \dfrac{\pi}{3.2^2}+...+ sin \dfrac{\pi}{3.2^{2005}}   $$$       <\dfrac{1}{2} +\dfrac{\pi}{3.2^2}+...+\dfrac{\pi}{3.2^{2005}}= \dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{\pi}{6}\left ( \dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2004}}\right ) $
                                                     $=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{\pi}{6}(1-\dfrac{1}{2^{2004}} )< \dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{\pi}{6}<\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{3,14}{6}=1,02 < \sqrt2      $

Vậy $u_1+u_2+...+u_{2005}< \sqrt2$   (đpcm)

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