Tìm $a$ và $b$ để:    $f(x) = \left\{ \begin{array}{l}
ax^2 + bx + 1  khi  x \ge 0\\
a\sin x  + b\cos x  khi  x < 0
\end{array} \right.$    có đạo hàm tại $x = 0$
Trước hết $f(x)$ phải liên tục tại $x = 0$
$\begin{array}{l}
\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {0^ + }} f(x) = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {0^ + }} (a{x^2} + bx + 1) = 1\\
\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {0^ - }} f(x) = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {0^ - }} ({\rm{a}}\sin x + b\cos x) = b
\end{array}$
Mà $f(0) = 0$. Suy ra để $f(x)$ liên tục tại $x = 0$ thì $b = 1$

•    Với $b = 1$ hàm số trở thành
$f(x) = \left\{ \begin{array}{l}
a{x^2} + bx + 1{\rm{  khi x}} \ge 0\\
{\rm{asinx}} + \cos x{\rm{  khi x}} < 0
\end{array} \right.$
$f'({0^ + }) = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {0^ + }} \frac{{f(x) - f(0)}}{{x - 0}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x - 0} \frac{{{\rm{a}}{{\rm{x}}^2} + x + 1 - 1}}{x}$$ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {0^ + }} ({\rm{ax}} + 1) = 1$
$f'({0^ - }) = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {0^ - }}  = \frac{{f(x) - f(0)}}{{x - 0}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {0^ - }} \frac{{{\rm{a}}\sin x + \cos x - 1}}{x}$
             $ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {0^ - }} \frac{{2\sin \frac{x}{2}(a\cos \frac{x}{2} - \sin \frac{x}{2})}}{x}$
             $ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {0^ - }} \frac{{\sin \frac{x}{2}}}{{\frac{x}{2}}}.\left( {a\cos \frac{x}{2} - \sin \frac{x}{2}} \right) = 1.(a - 0) = a$

Vậy để có đạo hàm tại $x = 0$ thì : $b = 1;{\rm{ a}} = 1$

Thẻ

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