Cho hàm số $f(x)$ xác định và có đạo hàm mọi cấp trên $R$, và thỏa mãn điều kiện
    $f'( {\frac{{x + y}}{2}} ) = \frac{{f(y) - f(x)}}{{y - x}},\forall x, y \in  R,x \ne y$        (1)
Chứng minh:  $f(x) = f''(0)\frac{{{x^2}}}{2} + f'(0)x + f(0),\forall x \in R$
Cố định $y \ne 0,{\rm{ }}\forall {\rm{x}} = \frac{{(x - y) + (x + y)}}{2} \in R$
Từ $(1)$ suy ra
    $f'(x) = \frac{{f(x + y) - f(x - y)}}{{2y}}$
Theo giả thiết $f(x)$ có đạo hàm mọi cấp nên ta có
    $f''(x) = \frac{1}{{2y}}{\rm{[}}f'(x + y) - f'(x - y){\rm{]}}$
               $ = \frac{1}{{2y}}\left[ {\frac{{f(x + 2y) - f(x)}}{{2y}}} \right] - \frac{{f(x - 2y) - f(x)}}{{( - 2y)}}$
                                (áp dụng $(1)$ với $x + y = \frac{{x + (x + 2y)}}{2};{\rm{ }}x - y = \frac{{x + (x - 2y)}}{2}$)
               $ = \frac{1}{{4{y^2}}}\left[ {f'(x + 2y) + f'(x - 2y) - 2f'(x)} \right]$   

Đạo hàm một lần nữa ta có:
$f'''(x) = \frac{1}{{4{y^2}}}\left[ {f'(x + 2y) + f'(x - 2y) - 2f'(x)} \right]$
            $ = \frac{1}{{4{y^2}}}\left[ {\frac{{f(x + 4y) - f(x)}}{{4y}} - \frac{{f(x - 4y) - f(x)}}{{( - 4y)}} - \frac{{f(x + 4y) - f(x - 4y)}}{{4y}}} \right] = 0$
(lại áp dụng $(1)$ với $x + 2y = \frac{{x + (x + 4y)}}{2};$
$\begin{array}{l}
{\rm{ }}x - 2y = \frac{{x + (x - 4y)}}{2};\\
x = \frac{{(x - 4y) + (x + 4y)}}{2}
\end{array}$
Từ đó suy ra $f''(x) = {c_1}$; Cho $x = 0$ ta có $f''(0) = {c_1}$.
Ta có : $f'(x) = \int\limits_0^x {f''(t)dt = } \int\limits_0^x {f''(0)dt = } f''(0)x + {c_2}$;
Cho $x = 0$ ta được $f'(0) = f''(0).0 + {c_2}$
Cuối cùng: $f(x) = \int\limits_0^x {f'(t)dt = } \int\limits_0^x {{\rm{[}}f''(0)t}  + f'(0){\rm{]}}dt{\rm{ = }}f''(0)\frac{{{x^2}}}{2} + f'(0)x + {c_3}$;
Cho $x = 0$ ta được: $f(0) = f''(0).0 + f'(0).0 + {c_3}$

Vậy $f(x) = f''(0)\frac{{{x^2}}}{2} + f'(0)x + f(0),{\rm{ }}       \forall {{x}} \in {\rm{R}}$

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