Cho $a,b,c$ là $3$ cạnh $\triangle ABC,S$ là diện tích.
Nếu  $p,q,r>0$ thì: $\frac{p}{q+r}a^{2}+\frac{q}{r+p}b^{2}+\frac{r}{p+q}c^{2} \geq 2\sqrt{3}S$
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopski:
$(a+b+c)^{2}=(\frac{a}{ \sqrt {q+r} } \sqrt {q+r}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{r+p}}\sqrt{r+p}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{p+q}} \sqrt {p+q})^{2}$
$\leq 2(\frac{a^{2}}{q+r}+\frac{b^{2}}{r+p}+\frac{c^{2}}{p+q})(p+q+r)$
$\Leftrightarrow 2(\frac{p}{q+r}a^{2}+\frac{q}{r+p}b^{2}+\frac{r}{p+q}c^{2} )+2(a^{2}+b^{2}+c^{2})\geq (a+b+c)^{2}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{p}{q+r}a^{2}+\frac{q}{r+p}b^{2}+\frac{r}{p+q}c^{2} \geq \frac{1}{2}[-2(a^{2}+b^{2}+c^{2})+(a+b+c)^{2}]$
Ta sẽ chứng minh:
$\frac{1}{2}[-2(a^{2}+b^{2}+c^{2})+(a+b+c)^{2}] \geq 2\sqrt{3}S (1)$
Thật vậy:
$(1) \Leftrightarrow [a^{2}-(b-c)^{2}]+[b^{2}-(c-a)^{2}]+[c^{2}-(a-b)^{2}] \geq4S\sqrt{3}$
$\Leftrightarrow(a-b+c)(a+b-c)+(a+b-c)(-a+b+c)+(a-b+c)(-a+b+c)$
$\geq4S\sqrt{3} (*)$
Đặt: $\begin{cases}x=-a+b+c>0 \\ y=a-b+c>0 \\z=a+b-c>0 \end{cases}$
$(*)\Leftrightarrow yz+zx+yx\geq 4S\sqrt{3}$
$\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+zx \geq \sqrt{3xyz(x+y+z)}$
(vì: $S=\sqrt {p(p-a)(p-b)(p-c)}=\sqrt {\frac{x+y+z}{2}.\frac{x}{2}.\frac{y}{2}.\frac{z}{2}}=\frac{1}{4}\sqrt{xyz(x+y+z)} $)
$\Leftrightarrow (xy+yz+zx)^{2} \geq 3xyz(x+y+z)$
$(xy-yz)^{2}+(yz-xz)^{2}+(zx-xy)^{2} \geq 0$ (luôn đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra $\Leftrightarrow x=y=z \Leftrightarrow a=b=c$
$\Rightarrow (1)$ đúng
$\Rightarrow \frac{p}{q+r}a^{2}+\frac{q}{r+p}b^{2}+\frac{r}{p+q}c^{2} \geq 2\sqrt{3}S$
Dấu "=" xảy ra $\Leftrightarrow \begin{cases}a=b=c \\ p=q=r \end{cases}$
$\Rightarrow $(ĐPCM)
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