Giải các bất phương trình :

$\begin{array}{l}
1)\,\,{4^{x - 1}} - {2^{x - 2}} < 3\\
2)\,{2^{x + 2}} - {2^{x + 3}} - {2^{x + 4}} > {5^{^{x + 1}}} - {5^{^{x + 2}}}
\end{array}$
$1)$   
TXĐ: R.
Khi đó PT đã cho tương đương
$2^{2(x-1)}-2^{x-2}-3<0$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{2^{2x} }{4}-\frac{2^x}{4}-3<0$
$\Leftrightarrow 2^{2x}-2^x-12=0.$
Đặt $t = {2^x},t > 0$
 $\begin{array}{l}
\Rightarrow {t^2} - t - 12 < 0 \\\Leftrightarrow (t+3)(t-4)=0\\\Leftrightarrow  - 3 < t < 4\\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\Leftrightarrow {2^x} < 4 \Leftrightarrow x < 2(TM)
\end{array}$
Vậy BPT đã cho có nghiệm $x<2.$

$2)$   
TXĐ: R.
Khi đó PT đã cho tương đương 
$2^x.4-2^x.8-2^x.16>5^x.5-5^x.25$
Đặt thừa số:
 $\begin{array}{l}
{2^x}\left( {4 - 8 - 16} \right) > {5^x}\left( {5 - 25} \right)\\
 \Leftrightarrow {\left( {\frac{2}{5}} \right)^x} < 1
\end{array}$
$\Leftrightarrow x<0  (do  \frac{2}{5}<0)$
Vậy BPT đã cho có nghiệm $x > 0$

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