a) Tính $I = \int\limits_{0}^{\frac{1}{2} }\frac{x^4dx}{x^2-1}$
b) Đặt $I(t) = \int\limits_{0}^{t} \frac{\tan ^4 xdx}{\cos 2x} \left ( 0 < t < \frac{\pi }{4}  \right ) .$
    Tính $I(t)$ và từ đó suy ra bất đẳng thức : $ \tan \left ( t + \frac{\pi}{4}  \right ) > e^{\frac{2}{3}(\tan^2t+3 \tan t) }$
a) Ta có : $ I = \int\limits_{0}^{\frac{1}{2} } \frac{(x^4 -1)+1}{x^2-1}dx = \int\limits_{0}^{\frac{1}{2} }\left ( x^2 +1 + \frac{1}{x^2-1}  \right )dx$
                 $ = \left ( \frac{x^3}{3} + x + \frac{1}{2} \ln \left | \frac{x-1}{x+1}  \right |   \right ) \left| \begin{array}{l}
\frac{1}{2}\\
0
\end{array} \right. = \frac{1}{24} + \frac{1}{2} +\frac{1}{2} \ln \frac{1}{3} = \frac{13}{24} -\frac{1}{2} \ln 3$
b) Đặt $ u = \tan x \Rightarrow x =\arctan u  \Rightarrow dx = \frac{du}{1+u^2}$
Chú y rằng : $\cos 2x = \frac{1- \tan ^2 x}{1+ \tan ^2 x} = \frac{1-u^2}{1+u^2}$
Do đó: $ I(t) = \int\limits_{0}^{\tan t} \frac{u^4}{\frac{1-u^2}{1+u^2} } . \frac{du}{1+u^2} = \int\limits_{0}^{\tan t} \frac{u^4}{1-u^2} = \left ( -\frac{u^3}{3} - u + \frac{1}{2} \ln \left | \frac{u+1}{u-1}  \right |   \right )\left| \begin{array}{l}
\tan t\\
0
\end{array} \right.$
$ = -\frac{\tan ^3 t}{3} - \tan t + \frac{1}{2} \ln \left | \frac{\tan t + 1 }{\tan t -1}  \right | = \frac{1}{2} \ln \left [ \tan \left ( t+\frac{\pi}{4}  \right )  \right ]- \frac {\tan ^3}{t} - \tan t$
Mà $\frac{\tan ^4 x}{\cos 2x} >0 , \forall x \in  [0;t] \subset  \left [ 0;\frac{\pi}{4}  \right ]$
$\Rightarrow   I(t) >0 \Rightarrow \frac{1}{2} \ln \left [ \tan \left ( t + \frac{\pi}{4}  \right )  \right ] > \frac{\tan ^3t}{3} + \tan t$
Vậy : $ \tan \left ( t + \frac{\pi}{4}  \right ) > e ^ {\frac{2}{3}( \tan ^2t + 3 \tan t) }, \forall t \in  \left ( 0;\frac{\pi}{4}  \right ) .$

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