Trong không gian với hệ trục tọa độ $Oxyz$ cho đường thẳng   $d_k: \begin{cases}x+3ky-z+2=0 \\ kx-y+z+1=0 \end{cases}$
Tìm $k$ để đường thẳng $d_k$ vuông góc với mặt phẳng $(P): x-y-2z+5=0$
Đường thẳng $d_k$ có vectơ chỉ phương:
$\overrightarrow{u_k}=(\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{{3k}}&{{-1}}\\
{{-1}}&{{1}}
\end{array}} \right|;\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{{-1}}&{{1}}\\
{{1}}&{{k}}
\end{array}} \right|;\left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{{1}}&{{3k}}\\
{{k}}&{{-1}}
\end{array}} \right|)=(3k-1;-k-1;-1-3k^2)$
Vectơ pháp tuyến $ \overrightarrow n$ của $(P)$ là: $ \overrightarrow n =(1;-1;-2)$
Rõ ràng $\overrightarrow{u_k}\neq \overrightarrow{0}$ với mọi $k$. Ta có $d_k\bot (P)$
$\Leftrightarrow \overrightarrow{u_k}//\overrightarrow{n}\Leftrightarrow \frac{3k-1}{1}=\frac{-k-1}{-1}=\frac{-1-3k^2}{-2}\Leftrightarrow \begin{cases}3k-1=k+1 \\ 2(3k-1)=1+3k^2 \end{cases}\Leftrightarrow k=1$.
Vây $k=1$ là giá trị duy nhất của tham số với $k$ để $d_k\bot (P)$.

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