Cho tam giác  $ABC$ có $A(1;-2), B(2;3) ;C(-1,-2)$
$a.$ Tìm tọa độ trọng tâm $G$ của tam giác $ABC$
$b.$ Tìm điểm $M$ thuộc trục $Ox$ sao cho trung trực đoạn $AM$ qua $B$
$c.$ Tìm chân đường cao $A'$ vẽ từ $A$ của tam giác $ABC$
$a.$

$  G$ là trọng tâm tam giác $ABC$
$\Leftrightarrow  \overrightarrow {GA}+\overrightarrow {GB}  +\overrightarrow {GC} =\overrightarrow {0} $
$\Leftrightarrow  \begin{cases}x_A-x_G+x_B-x_G+x_C-x_G=0 \\y_A-y_G+y_B-y_G+y_C-y_G  \end{cases} $
$\Leftrightarrow  \begin{cases}3x_G=x_A+x_B+x_C \\ 3y_G=y_A+y_B+y_C \end{cases} $
$\Leftrightarrow  \begin{cases}x_G=\frac{x_A+x_B+x_C}{3}=\frac{1+2-1}{3}=\frac{2}{3}    \\ y_G=\frac{y_A+y_B+y_C}{3}=\frac{-2+3-2}{3}=-\frac{1}{3}    \end{cases} $
Vậy $G=(\frac{2}{3};-\frac{1}{3}  )$
$b$

Vì $M\in x'Ox\Rightarrow  M(x_m;0)$
Trung trực đoạn $AM$ qua $B$ ta có :
$BA=BM\Leftrightarrow  BA^2=BM^2$
$\Leftrightarrow  (1-2)^2+(-2-3)^2=(x_M-2)^2+(0-3)^2$
$\Leftrightarrow  1+25=x_M^2-4x_M+4+9$
$\Leftrightarrow  x_M^2+4x_M-13=0\Leftrightarrow  \left[ \begin{array}{l}x_M = 2+\sqrt{17} \\x_M= 2-\sqrt{17} \end{array} \right. $
Vậy có điểm $M$ thỏa đề $(2+\sqrt{17};0 ); (2-\sqrt{17};0 )$
$c.  A'$ là chân đường cao vẽ từ $A$, nên ta có :
$\begin{cases}\overrightarrow {BA'}    cùng phương   \overrightarrow {BC}  \\ \overrightarrow {AA'}.\overrightarrow {BC}=0   \end{cases}   (*)$
Mà $\overrightarrow {BA'}=(x_{A'}-2;y_{A'}-3);  \overrightarrow {BC}=(-3;-5)  $
$\overrightarrow {AA'}=(x_{A'}-1;y_{A'}+2) $
Vậy $(*)\Leftrightarrow  \begin{cases}-5(x_{A'}-2)+3(y_{A'}-3)=0 \\ -3(x_{A'}-1)-5(y_{A'}+2)=0 \end{cases} \Leftrightarrow  \begin{cases}-5x_{A'}+3y_{A'}=-1 \\ -3x_{A'}-5y_{A'}=7 \end{cases} $
$\Leftrightarrow  \begin{cases}x_{A'}=-\frac{8}{17}  \\ y_{A'}=-\frac{57}{51}  \end{cases} $
Vậy $A'(-\frac{8}{17} ;-\frac{57}{51} )$

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