Giải phương trình:     $ \cos x-3\sqrt{3}\sin x=\cos 7x$
PT   $ \Leftrightarrow  \cos x-\cos 7x-3\sqrt{3}\sin x=0$
        $\Leftrightarrow 2\sin 4x.\sin 3x-3\sqrt{3}\sin x=0$
        $\Leftrightarrow 2\sin 4x.\sin x(3-4\sin^2 x)-3\sqrt{3}\sin x=0$
         $\Leftrightarrow 2\sin 4x.\sin x[3-2(1-\cos2x)]-3\sqrt{3}\sin x=0$ 
        $\Leftrightarrow \sin x[2\sin 4x(1+2\cos 2x)-3\sqrt{3}]=0$
        $\Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\sin x = 0                                                         (1)\\ \sin 4x(1+2\cos 2x)= \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}   (2)\end{array} \right.$
*  $(1)   \Leftrightarrow   x=k\pi,  k \in Z$
*  $(2)   \Leftrightarrow  \sin 4x+4\sin 2x.\cos^2 2x=  \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}            (3)$
 Theo BĐT Cauchy :
 $ 1= \sin^2 2x+\frac{\cos^2 2x}{2}+\frac{\cos^2 2x}{2} \geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\sin^2 2x.\cos^4 2x}{4}} ,    \forall x \in R$
 $\Rightarrow \frac{4}{27} \geq \sin^2 2x.\cos^4 2x ,    \forall x \in R$
 $\Rightarrow  \sin 2x.\cos^2 2x \leq \frac{2}{3\sqrt{3}},       \forall x \in R$
 $\Rightarrow  \sin 4x+4\sin 2x.\cos^2 2x \leq1+\frac{8}{3\sqrt{3}} <  \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2} ,      \forall x \in R$
 $ \Rightarrow     (3)$  vô nghiệm        $\Rightarrow      (2)  $ vô nghiệm
  Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm duy nhất  $ x=k\pi ,  k\in Z$

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