Tính tích phân \(\int\limits_{\sqrt 2 }^3 {\sqrt {{x^2} - 1} dx} \)
Đặt \(
u = \sqrt {{x^2} - 1} \Rightarrow
du = \frac{x}{{\sqrt {{x^2} - 1} }}dx\)
\(\begin{array}{l}
I = x\sqrt {{x^2} - 1} \left| \begin{array}{l}
3\\
\sqrt 2
\end{array} \right. - \int\limits_{\sqrt 2 }^3 {\frac{x}{{\sqrt {{x^2} - 1} }}dx} \\
 = 5\sqrt 5  - \int\limits_{\sqrt 2 }^3 {\frac{{{x^2} - 1 + 1}}{{\sqrt {{x^2} - 1} }}} dx\\
 = 5\sqrt 2  - I - \int\limits_{\sqrt 2 }^3 {\frac{1}{{\sqrt {{x^2} - 1} }}dx} \\
 \Rightarrow 2I = 5\sqrt 2  - \int\limits_{\sqrt 2 }^3 {\frac{1}{{\sqrt {{x^2} - 1} }}dx} \,\,\left( 1 \right)
\end{array}\)
Tính tiếp \({I_1} = \int\limits_{\sqrt 2 }^3 {\frac{{dx}}{{\sqrt {{x^2} - 1} }}} \)

Đặt \(t = x + \sqrt {{x^2} - 1}  \Rightarrow dt = \left( {1 + \frac{x}{{\sqrt {{x^2} - 1} }}} \right)dx\\ \Rightarrow \frac{{\sqrt {{x^2} - 1}  + x}}{{\sqrt {{x^2} - 1} }}dx = \frac{{tdt}}{{\sqrt {{x^2} - 1} }} \Rightarrow \frac{{dx}}{{\sqrt {{x^2} - 1} }} = \frac{{dt}}{t}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}

x = \sqrt 2  \Rightarrow t = \sqrt 2  + 1;\,x = 3\\ \Rightarrow t = 3 + 2\sqrt 2 \\
{I_1} = \int\limits_{\sqrt 2  + 1}^{3 + 2\sqrt 2 } {\frac{{dt}}{t} = \ln |t|\left| {_{\sqrt 2  + 2}^{3 + 2\sqrt 2 }} \right. = \ln \left( {\sqrt 2  + 1} \right)}
\end{array}\)
Thay vào $(1)$ ta được \(I = \frac{1}{2}\left[ {5\sqrt 2  - \ln \left( {\sqrt 2  + 1} \right)} \right]\)


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