Chứng minh rằng: $ n! > ( \frac{n}{e})^n,n \in Z^ +$
Ta dùng phương pháp qui nạp:
•    Với  $ n = 1$, ta có $1! = 1 > \frac{1}{e} $
•    Giả sử (1) đúng khi  $ n = k,\,\,k \in {Z^ + }$.Ta có: $k!\,\, > \,{\left( {\frac{k}{e}} \right)^k} $
•    Ta chứng minh (1) đúng khi  $ n = k + 1 $ . Nghĩa là phải chứng minh: $ (k + 1)! > \,{\left( {{{\frac{{k + 1}}{e}}^{}}} \right)^{k + 1}} $
Ta biết rằng
$ \begin{array}{l}
e\, = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to \infty } {\left( {1 + \frac{1}{n}} \right)^n}\,\,\, \Rightarrow e > {\left( {1 + \frac{1}{k}} \right)^k},\,\,\,\,k \in {Z^ + }
\,\, \Rightarrow \,\,\frac{e}{{{{\left( {1 + \frac{1}{k}} \right)}^k}}} > 1 &
\end{array} $
Ta có: $ (k + 1)! = \left( {k + 1} \right)k! > \left( {k + 1} \right){\left( {\frac{k}{e}} \right)^k} $  $  \Rightarrow \,\left( {k + 1} \right)! > {\left( {\frac{{k + 1}}{e}} \right)^{k + 1}}.\,\frac{{{k^k}e}}{{{{\left( {k + 1} \right)}^k}}} = {\left( {\frac{{k + 1}}{e}} \right)^{k - 1\,\,}}.\,\frac{e}{{{{\left( {1 + \frac{1}{k}} \right)}^k}}} > {\left( {\frac{{k + 1}}{e}} \right)^{k + 1}} $
Do đó (3) đúng. Vậy  $ n!\, > {\left( {\frac{n}{e}} \right)^n} $

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