Giải các phương trình :
$\begin{array}{l}
1) & {\log _{3x + 7}}\left( {9 + 12x + 4{x^2}} \right) + {\log _{2x + 3}}\left( {21 + 23x + 6{x^2}} \right) = 4 &  & \left( 1 \right)\\
2) & {\log _{1 - 2x}}\left( {6{x^2} - 5x + 1} \right) - {\log _{1 - 3x}}\left( {4{x^2} - 4x + 1} \right) = 2 &  & \left( 2 \right)
\end{array}$
$1)$    Hướng dẫn:
Ta chú ý rằng : $9 + 12x + 4{x^2} = {\left( {2x + 3} \right)^2}$
$21 + 23x + 6{x^2} = \left( {3x + 7} \right){\left( {2x + 3} \right)}.$ Chọn cơ số chung là $3x + 7$, ta có:
$2{\log _{3x + 7}}\left( {2x + 3} \right) + \frac{{1 + {{\log }_{3x + 7}}\left( {2x + 3} \right)}}{{{{\log }_{3x + 7}}\left( {2x + 3} \right)}} = 4$
ĐK: $0 < 3x + 7 \ne 1,\,0 < 2x + 3 \ne 1$. Đặt $t = {\log _{3x + 7}}\left( {2x + 3} \right)$
Ta có :

 $\begin{array}{l}
2t + \frac{{1 + t}}{t} = 4 &  \Leftrightarrow 2{t^2} - 3t + 1 = 0\\
 \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}
t = 1\\
t = 1/2
\end{array} \right. &  \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}
3x + 7 = 2x + 3\\
{\left( {2x + 3} \right)^2} = 3x + 7
\end{array} \right. &  \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}
x =  - \frac{1}{4}\\
x =  - 4 & \left( {loai} \right)\\
x =  - 2 & \left( {loai} \right)
\end{array} \right.
\end{array}$ 
Vậy $x =  - \frac{1}{4}$

$2)$    ĐK: $\left\{ \begin{array}{l} 1\neq 1-2x>0\\ 1\neq 1-3x>0 \end{array} \right.$
Khi đó phương trình đã cho trở thành
$\log_{1-2x}[(1-2x)(1-3x)]=\log_{1-3x}(1-2x)^2$
$\Leftrightarrow 1+\log_{1-2x}(1-3x)=\frac{2}{log_{1-2x}(1-3x)}(*)$.
Đặt $ \log_{1-2x}(1-3x) =t\neq 0$ thì
$(*)\Leftrightarrow 1+t=\frac{2}{t}$
$\Leftrightarrow t^2+t-2=0$
$\Leftrightarrow t=1\vee t=-2$
$\Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} 1-3x=1-2x\\1-3x=(1-2x)^{-2} \end{array} \right.$
$\Leftrightarrow \left[\begin{array}{l} x=0(L)\\ x=\frac{1}{4}(TM) \end{array} \right.$
ĐS: $x = \frac{1}{4}$

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