trong các số phức z thỏa mãn $\left| {Z^{2}+4} \right|=2\left| {z} \right|$ , tìm giá trị lớn nhất và giá trị nhỏ nhất $\left| {Z} \right|$
tìm GTNN va GTLN cua cai gi? –  huynhthoai9495 05-05-13 04:04 PM

Gọi $z = x + yi$  với  $x,y \in R$.

Ta có:

$\left| z \right| = \sqrt {{x^2} + {y^2}} $

${z^2} + 4 = {x^2} - {y^2} + 4 + 2xyi$

$\left| {{z^2} + 4} \right| = 2\left| z \right| \Leftrightarrow {({x^2} - {y^2} + 4)^2} + 4{x^2}{y^2} = 4({x^2} + {y^2})$

$\Leftrightarrow {x^4} + {y^4} + 16 + 8{x^2} - 8{y^2} - 2{x^2}{y^2} + 4{x^2}{y^2} - 4{x^2} - 4{y^2} = 0$

$\Leftrightarrow {x^4} + {y^4} + 2{x^2}{y^2} + 4{x^2} - 12{y^2} + 16 = 0$

$\Leftrightarrow {({x^2} + {y^2})^2} + 4{x^2} - 12({\left| z \right|^2} - {x^2}) + 16 = 0$

$\Leftrightarrow {\left| z \right|^4} - 12{\left| z \right|^2} + 16{x^2} + 16 = 0$

$\Delta ' = 36 - (16{x^2} + 16) = 20 - 16{x^2}$

Do ${\left| z \right|^2}$ tồn tại nên  $20 - 16{x^2} \ge 0 \Leftrightarrow \frac{{ - \sqrt 5 }}{2} \le x \le \frac{{\sqrt 5 }}{2}$.

Khi đó: ${\left| z \right|^2} = 6 \pm \sqrt {20 - 16{x^2}} $

$\Leftrightarrow \left| z \right| = \sqrt {6 \pm \sqrt {20 - 16{x^2}} } $  trong đó  $\frac{{ - \sqrt 5 }}{2} \le x \le \frac{{\sqrt 5 }}{2}$

$Min\left| z \right| = \sqrt {6 - \sqrt {20} }  = \sqrt 5  - 1 \Leftrightarrow x = 0,y = \sqrt 5  - 1 \Leftrightarrow z = (\sqrt 5  - 1)i$

$Max\left| z \right| = \sqrt {6 + \sqrt {20} }  = \sqrt 5  + 1 \Leftrightarrow x = 0,y = \sqrt 5  + 1 \Leftrightarrow z = (\sqrt 5  + 1)i$

Bạn cần đăng nhập để có thể gửi đáp án

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