Cho tam giác $ABC$ thỏa mãn: 
                  $\frac{a^2 \cos \frac{ B-C}{ 2} }{2 \sin \frac{A }{2 }  } +\frac{ b^2\cos \frac{ C-A}{ 2} }{ 2 \sin \frac{ B}{2 } } +\frac{ c^2 \cos \frac{ A-B}{ 2} }{2 \sin \frac{ C}{ 2}  } =a^2+b^2+c^2   (1)$.  
Chứng minh  $\Delta ABC$ đều.
Ta có          $\frac{a^2 \cos \frac{B-C }{2 }  }{ 2 \sin \frac{ A}{2 } } =a \frac{2R \sin A \cos \frac{ B-C}{ 2}  }{2 \sin \frac{ A}{ 2}  } $$=aR.2 \sin \frac{ B+C}{ 2} \cos \frac{B-C }{ 2} =aR(\sin B+\sin C)$
$=\frac{ab+ac }{ 2} $
Tương tự:  $\frac{b^2 \cos \frac{C-A }{2 }  }{2 \sin \frac{ B}{ 2}  } = \frac{ bc+ba}{ 2} $
                  $\frac{b^2 \cos \frac{ C-A}{ 2}  }{ 2 \sin \frac{ B}{ 2} } = \frac{ ca+cb}{ 2} $
Vậy $(1) \Leftrightarrow \frac{ 1}{ 2} (2ab+2ac+2bc) = a^2+b^2+c^2$
               $\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac = a^2+b^2+c^2$
               $\Leftrightarrow 2ab+2bc+2ac=2a^2+2b^2+2c^2$
               $\Leftrightarrow (a^2-2ab+b^2)+(b^2-2bc+c^2)+(a^2-2ac+c^2)=0$
               $\Leftrightarrow (a-b)^2 +(b-c)^2 +(a-c)^2=0$
               $\Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}
a - b = 0\\
b - c = 0\\
a - c = 0
\end{array} \right.  \Leftrightarrow  a = b = c$
Vậy $(1)$ đúng thì tam giác $ABC$ đều.

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