Chứng minh các hàm số sau đây không tuần hoàn:
a) $y=\cos x+ 2\cos (x\sqrt{3} )$                    
b) $y=\cos(x^2)$
c) $y=\tan \sqrt{x} $
a, Hàm số $\cos x$ có chu kì $2\pi$.
    Hàm số $\cos(x\sqrt3)$ có chu kì $\frac{2\pi}{\sqrt3}$.
Nhận thấy $\not\exists k,l\in \mathbb{Z}$ sao cho $k.2\pi=l.\frac{2\pi}{\sqrt3}$, nên hàm số $y=\cos x+2\cos(x\sqrt3)$ không tuần hoàn.
b, Giả sử hàm số $y=\cos x^2$ tuần hoàn, hay $\exists T>0$ sao cho: $\cos (x+T)^2=\cos x^2,\forall x\in\mathbb{R}$.
Thay $x=0$, ta được $\cos T^2=1$ suy ra $T^2=k2\pi,k\in\mathbb{Z}^+$.
Từ đó: $\cos(x+2\sqrt{k2\pi}+k2\pi)=\cos x, \forall x\in\mathbb{R}$
           $\Rightarrow 2\sqrt{k2\pi}=l2\pi, l\in\mathbb{Z}\Rightarrow 2k=l^2\pi$, vô lý.
Vậy hàm $y=\cos x^2$ không tuần hoàn.
c, Giả sử hàm số $y=\tan\sqrt x$ tuần hoàn, hay $\exists T>0$ sao cho: $\tan\sqrt{x+T}=\tan\sqrt x,\forall x\ge 0$
Thay $x=0$, ta được $\tan\sqrt T=0$, suy ra $\sqrt T=k\pi,k\in\mathbb{Z}^+$.
Thay $x=\pi^2$, ta được $\tan\sqrt{\pi^2+T}=0$, suy ra $\sqrt{\pi^2+T}=l\pi,l\in\mathbb{Z}^+$.
Từ đó: $\pi^2+k^2\pi^2=l^2\pi^2\Rightarrow 1+k^2=l^2\Rightarrow k=0,l=1$, vô lý.
Vậy hàm $y=\tan\sqrt x$ không tuần hoàn.

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