$(3+\sqrt{5})^{x} +16(3-\sqrt{5})^{x} =2^{x+3}$

$(3+\sqrt{5})^{x} + (3-\sqrt{5})^{x} -7.2^{x} = 0$
$8 -x.2^{x} +2^{3-x} -x= 0$
3/ $8 - x{.2^x} + {2^{3 - x}} - x = 0$  (3)
$\Leftrightarrow 8 - x{.2^x} + \frac{8}{{{2^x}}} - x = 0$
$\Leftrightarrow \left( {8 - x{{.2}^x}} \right) + \frac{1}{{{2^x}}}\left( {8 - x{{.2}^x}} \right) = 0$
$ \Leftrightarrow \left( {1 + \frac{1}{{{2^x}}}} \right)\left( {8 - x{{.2}^x}} \right) = 0$
Do $1 + \frac{1}{{{2^x}}} > 0$ nên $(3) \Leftrightarrow x{.2^x} - 8 = 0$
Đặt $f(x) = x{.2^x} - 8$
* $x < 0 \Rightarrow f(x) < 0 \Rightarrow x < 0$ không là nghiệm của (3).
* $x \ge 0 \Rightarrow f'(x) = {2^x} + x{.2^x}\ln 2 = {2^x}(1 + x\ln 2) > 0$
$\Rightarrow f(x)$ đồng biến trên $(0; + \infty )$
Từ đây dễ dàng suy ra (3) có nghiệm duy nhất $x=2$.
1/ ${(3 + \sqrt 5 )^x} + 16{(3 - \sqrt 5 )^x} = {2^{x + 3}}$    (1)
Chia hai vế của phương trình cho ${2^x}$ ta được:
\[(1) \Leftrightarrow {(\frac{{3 + \sqrt 5 }}{2})^x} + 16{(\frac{{3 - \sqrt 5 }}{2})^x} = {2^3}\]
Đặt $t = {(\frac{{3 + \sqrt 5 }}{2})^x},t > 0$
Do $\frac{{3 + \sqrt 5 }}{2}.\frac{{3 - \sqrt 5 }}{2} = 1 \Rightarrow {(\frac{{3 - \sqrt 5 }}{2})^x} = \frac{1}{t}$
$(1) \Leftrightarrow t + \frac{{16}}{t} = 8 \Leftrightarrow {t^2} - 8t + 16 = 0 \Leftrightarrow t = 4$
\[ \Leftrightarrow {(\frac{{3 + \sqrt 5 }}{2})^x} = 4 \Leftrightarrow x = {\log _{\frac{{3 + \sqrt 5 }}{2}}}4\]


can on ban rat nhieu nhe...hhi –  giothienxung 16-05-13 11:04 AM
Bài 2 bạn giải tương tự nhé! –  binhnguyenhoangvu 16-05-13 10:34 AM

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