chứng minh rằng $n^6 + n^4 - 2n^2$ chia hết cho $72$
$$(a^2 + a + 1)^2 -1   $$
Đặt $A=n^6+n^4-2n^2$
$=n^2(n^4+n^2-2)$
$=n^2(n^2-1)(n^2+2)$
$=n^2(n-1)(n+1)(n^2+2)$
Xét x lẻ
=>$(n-1)và (n+1)$ là 2 số chẵn liên tiếp
=> $A$ chia hết cho 8
Xét x chẵn
=>$n^2 và (n^2+2)$ là 2 số chẵn liên tiếp
=>$A$ chia hết cho 8 
=> $A$ chia hết cho 8 với mọi n                     $(1)$
Xét n=3k chia hết cho 3
=> $n^2$ chia hết cho 9 => $ A$ chia hết cho 9
Xét n=3k\pm1
=> $n^2-1=9k^2+6k$ chia hết cho 3
có $n^2+2=9k^2+6k+3$ chia hết cho 3
=> $A$ chia hết cho 9
=> $A$ chia hết cho 9 với mọi n                     $(2)$
mà $ (8,9)=1$                                             $(3)$
Từ $(1),(2),(3)$=> $A$ chia hết cho 72 (đpcm)

k có gì :) –  ๖ۣۜPXM๖ۣۜMinh4212♓ 14-10-14 01:06 PM
cảm ơn nhiều a –  shjnnguyen305 14-10-14 01:05 PM

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