Cho tam giác $ABC$ vuông ở $A$ có $\widehat{B}=60^{0}$ và cạnh huyền $BC=6$. Tính tích vô hướng của các cặp vectơ.
a. $\overrightarrow{CA}. \overrightarrow{CB}$
b. $\overrightarrow{AB}. \overrightarrow{BC}$   

 Tam giác vuông $ABC$ có: $\widehat{A}=90^{\circ}, \widehat{B}=60^{\circ}$ nên $\widehat{C}=30^{\circ}$, từ đó ta có:
$AB=\frac{1}{2}BC=3$ và $AC^{2}=BC^{2}-AB^2=36-9=27 $
Vậy $AC=\sqrt{27}=3\sqrt{3}$. Từ đó ta có:

a) $\overrightarrow{CA}. \overrightarrow{CB}=CA.CB\cos C=3\sqrt{3}.6.\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}=27. $ 

b) Vẽ vectơ $\overrightarrow{BB'}=\overrightarrow{AB}$ ( tức kéo dài $AB$ một đoạn $BB'$ về phía $B$ sao cho $BB'=AB$). Lúc đó 
$\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{BC}=\overrightarrow{BB'}. \overrightarrow{BC}=3.6\cos \widehat{B'BC}$
Mà $\widehat{ABC}=60^\circ$ nên $\widehat{B'BC}=120^\circ$
Vậy $\overrightarrow{AB}. \overrightarrow{BC}=3.6.(-\frac{1}{2})=-9.$    

Thẻ

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